Improvement in apparatus for brazing metal tubes



3Sheets-Sheet2. T. G. GORMAN & N.,W. PEREGOY. Apparatus for Brazng MetalTubes.

NO. 137,068, Paenvted March 25,1873.

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ming-.9395. Inventors mm 72mm Qmm sshetsusheets.

T..G. GonMAN N. w. PEREnY.

Apparatus for Brazing Metal Tubes.

N0 137,068, Patented March 25,1873.

,UNITED S'rA'rEs PATENT rrtcn.

THOMAS G. GORMAN AND NATHAN W. PEREGOY, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILL.1

IMPRVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR BRAZING METAL TUBES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 137,06S, dated March25, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that we, THoMAs G. GORMAN and NATHAN W. PEREGOY, each ofthecity of Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and in the State ofIllinois, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in (loppersmithForges; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the construction and operation of the same,reference being had to the annexed drawing making a part of thisspecification and to the gures and letters of reference marked thereon,and in which- Figure lrepresents an elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, anelevation, showing another part of the same. Fig. 3 is a top view. Fig.4 is a transverse section through the line w y. Fig. 5 is a view of theplug or spindle. Fig. 6 is a view of the lower end of the plug orspindle, showing the block. Fig.7 is a top.

view of the spindle or plunger.

This invention has relation to coppersmith forges; and its object anduse is to provide a forge in which ends of one metal may be brazed ontubes of another; or seams in tubes brazed up or new ends attached toold tubes; or, indeed, any other vwork which it maybe necessary toperform in a forge. Combining, as this forge does, the ability toperform certain kinds of work more easily and rapidly, it still losesnone ofthe features of a common forge, although the range of workpossible with it is much increased. This invention is constructedsomewhat similar to the ordinary forge, except that it has, directly onthe center of the hearth, a luted plug of iron or steel, rising througha circular hole made central in the cast-iron bottom of `a circularcentral chamber or depression of the hearth. This plug is raised orlowered by means of a chain winding up on a pulley attached to a shaftunder the hearth-plate, which shaft can be retained in any desirableposition by aratchet and pawl. The chain, fixed at one end, passesthrough a block made in the lower end of the fluted plug. When,therefore, the chain is wound up or shortened the block, together withthe tinted plug, rises in a vertical direction. Running around thecentral opening or depression in the hearth-plate is a tuyere-iron, ofcircular form, its upper part having the opening for the circulation ofair, and the lower portion being solid and square, serving to provide anattachment for the cast-iron bottom of the circular opening. Through theinner side of,this tuyereiron a number of small holes are made, which,when a pressure of air fills the tuyere, allows the `air to escape, allthe currents tending to converge in a point centrally placed in .thecircular opening or depression Iof the hearth.

Having given a general description of our forge, we will now describethe parts more in detail, and explain its method of operation.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, an ordinary hearth-plate, of theform shown at B, is provided, with legs at N, or a base ofsome suitableshape. The hearth-plate B has cast on its under side an air-passage, K1.The central portion of the hearth-plate is removed, leaving an openingcircular in form, around which the tuyere-iron K runs, forming acomplete ring, in which the opening K is in connection with the openingof the pipe cast on the bottom or under side of B. A number of smallholes are made through the inner side of the tuyere-iron for the egressof the air, as seen at K, Figs. 3 and 4. ing in the hearth B has abottom, G, Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, made of cast-iron or any other suitablematerial, attached by screws to the under side of the tuyere-iron K. Thecentral part of C is provided with a circular opening, C', having on itslower part a deep flange, forming a guide to any object sliding upwardor downward through C. Attached to C is a guide, E, Figs. l, 2, and 4,screwed to the out er edge of C. The guide E has two legs, so to speak,and at the bottom or lower'part these legs are connected by across-piece forming part of E. This cross-piece has a hole through itscenter smaller than C, but directly central and under C. Sliding throughC is the iiuted plug D, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7. In Figs. 5, and 7,the construction of this plug is shown in detail. The upper or largerend is slightly conical, then cylindrical and luted, as seen at Figs. 5and 7, like the lands and grooves in the interior of a rifle-barrel,except that these run straight and not spirally. The largest diameter ofthis portion of the plug is of such size that it can slide easily in theopening C', Fig. 4, of the bottom C. The central portion of the plug issimply circular in scc- This circular opention and smaller than theiiuted portion, and of such size that it can slide in the hole providedin the lower part of the guide E, Figs. 1 and 2. The lower portion ofthe plug is provided with ablock nia-de in the metal itself, havingasheave,D/,Figs. l, 2, 5, and 6, pinned in. This plug, as hererepresented, is in one piece, but to enable the apparatus to be puttogether, the upper or uted portion of D is usually screwed fast to thesmaller central portion of the plug. In Figs. l and 2 the plug D isshown in position, the upper Or fluted portion being in the hole C', thecentral smaller part sliding in the hole in the lower part of E. Theblock and sheave at the lower part can rise and fall as the plug israised or lowered, either till the upward motion of D is arrested by theblocks coming into contact with the lower part of E, or its downwardmotion arrested by the bottom of the opening in the base of theapparatus A. The plug D is elevated and lowered by the chain F, Figs. 1and 2. One end of the chain is fixed to the hearths lower side, thenpasses downward around the sheave D, and then upward to the pulley I onshaft H, Figs. 1, 2, and 3. By turning the cranked handle G, the shaft His revolved, and the chain wound up on the pulley I. On H, next to thehandle G', there is a ratchet-wheel, G, which keeps the chain fromunwinding when once wound up, by catching its teeth with the pawl L,made with a spring, and pressing on the surface of the ratchet-wheel.The shaft H is held in position by two inverted bearings J, Figs. l and2.

It will be observed that when the chain is wound up to its greatestextent, as in Fig. 2, the top of the block on the lower part ot' D isclose tO the lower part of the guide E, and the upper conical and ilutedportion of D is some vlittle distance above the level of thehearthplate. When the chain is unwound, as in Fig. l, the pulley on Drests against the ground, and the top of D is completel)7 within C', thecircular opening in G.

For the purpose of brazing an end on a tube after the usual provisionsare made for holding the two portions together and retaining the spelterin position, the chain F is allowed to unwind and the plug D to fall toits lowest point, the end of the tube resting on the upper and conicalportion of D, the part to be brazed thereby being brought within thecircular opening in the hearth. The re being now prepared, or, perhaps,having been already so, the Operator rests the upper end Of the tubeagainst the Y- shaped projections made on the upper end of the arm M,which serves to retain the tube in its proper vertical position. Theair-blast comes into the Opening K,circulates through K, and findsegress at k, blowing the fire, which is both on the hearth as well aspacked into the circular Opening around the tube.

It will be observed that the air makes the fire hottest just at thepoint where the work has to be done.

After a sufficient time has elapsed, the workman, holding the crankedlever G, graduallyr winds the chain F On the pulley I, turning the shaftH, and raising the plug D, carrying along with it the tube. In this waythe various portions of the work can be gradually brought in contactwith the hottest part of the fire.

When the brazing is completed, the chain F is fully wound up on I, andthe tube, being raised above the fire, can be allowed to cool. Afterthis operation, another tube, prepared for brazing, can be placed inposition on the top of D and lowered down through the hole formed in theiire, and then gradually raised till finished, and then elevated to thegreatest extent, and permitted to cool. In this way tube after tube canbe inserted and the operation repeated any number of times, the fire nothaving to be disturbed at each successive operation, thereby saving theworkman much trouble, and preventing him from the inconveniences Of abright, scorching heap of live coal, as was the case when the fire hadto be raked back at each successive operation.

It will be Observed that the liutin g or grooving of the upper portionof D is to prevent the ashes and cinders from making the plug D stick asit slides through the hole C', a slight shake sufcing to free it fromany substance tending to prevent its easy and unobstructed motion.

The arm M is pi'votcd in a hole made in the side of B, and has ahorizontal motion Over the surface of B, thus enabling such tubes ashave their parts to be joined at an angle with the central line to beput into the fire atv an angle and raised at that angle through thchottest portion Of the coals.

When any other kinds of forging or brazing have to be done, thisapparatus will act as a common forge, and no obstacles will a-rise, but,on the contrary, for certain kinds Of work, great advantages willpresent themselves.

Having described our invention, what We claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

l. A forge, in combination with the fluted plug or spindle D,substantially as herein described. i

2. The chain F, pulleys I and D', shaft H, pawl L, ratchet G, and crankG', for raising and depressing the spindle D, for the purposes hereindescribed.

3. The circular opening in the hearth B, tuyere K, bottom C, and holeC', substantially as herein described, and for the purposes hereinsetforth.

THOS. G. GORMAN. NATHAN W. PEREGOY. Witnesses:

JOHN D. KEEDY, POLK COOPER.

